As global temperatures rise, the U.S. is experiencing more intense and frequent extreme precipitation events, leading to heightened flood risks. From 1958 to 2021, the most extreme precipitation days have seen a significant uptick, with the Northeast and Midwest witnessing increases of 60% and 45%, respectively. This trend is projected to continue, with 85% of U.S. counties expected to see at least a 10% increase in precipitation on the heaviest days under a 2 degree (C) warming scenario.
Alaska and Hawaii could face some of the largest increases in extreme precipitation, with rises of up to 43% and 30%. The intensification of these events poses severe risks to people, infrastructure, and ecosystems, particularly in areas with outdated flood management systems. Increased moisture in the air due to warming—4% more for every 1 degree (F) rise—enhances the potential for heavy downpours, exacerbating flash flood and landslide risks.
The financial impact is also staggering, with inland flooding causing over $230 billion in damages from 1988 to 2021, a significant portion of which is attributed to climate-driven changes in precipitation patterns. With ongoing climate change, these challenges are expected to worsen, underscoring the urgent need for enhanced resilience and mitigation strategies.